The orange is the fruit of various citrus species in the family Rutaceae. It primarily refers to Citrus × Sinensis, which is also called sweet orange, to distinguish it from the related Citrus × Aurantium, referred to as bitter orange. The sweet orange reproduces asexually; varieties of sweet orange arise through mutations.
As with other citrus fruits, the orange pulp is an excellent source of vitamin C, providing 64% of the Daily Value in a 100 g serving. Oranges contain diverse phytochemicals, including carotenoids (beta-carotene, lutein, and beta-cryptoxanthin), flavonoids (e.g. naringenin), and numerous volatile organic compounds producing orange aroma, including aldehydes, esters, terpenes, alcohols, and ketones.